Recently while experimenting with my Raspberry pi B+ I gave input to a pin more than voltage level of the pin and whatever left was noting but a bricked board. Here I have compiled few points which are too basic but one must keep them in mind while working on any development board.
1. Power: Don't over power the board.Use the batteries or adapters which can supply required power to the board. Use voltage regulators if the battery has a higher voltage level.
2.Input\Output: Do not give input more than the voltage level of pin, This can damage the processor.Look at datasheets or the documentation of the board for voltage levels of the pins. Normally the voltage levels of pins will be within the voltage levels which can be used to power the board (Vdd).
3.Peripherals: Check the power requirements of the peripherals ( Motors, Relays, Shields, LEDs etc.,) before using them with the board. The peripherals can damage the board even though the voltage levels of the pin are same and current required by the peripheral is more than that supplied by the pin. Use driver circuits or switching circuits for interfacing peripherals with the board.
4. Don't Short Circuit: Low cost boards will have less protection so a short circuit can damage the board.
Hope this post will be useful to you.If you feel I have missed any points please mention them in the comments.
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